Cardiac Medicine Certification (CMC) Practice Exam

What is a common side effect of beta-blockers?

1. Hypotension

2. Bradycardia

3. Bronchospasm

4. Both b and c

The correct answer is: Both b and c

Beta-blockers are a class of medications that are commonly prescribed for various cardiovascular conditions. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels, leading to decreased heart rate and blood pressure. Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is a well-known side effect of beta-blockers because they reduce heart conduction and contractility. This can be beneficial in conditions like hypertension or arrhythmias where a lower heart rate is desired, but it can also lead to symptoms if the heart rate drops too low. Bronchospasm is another potential side effect, especially in non-selective beta-blockers, which can affect beta-2 receptors found in the lungs. This can lead to constriction of the airway muscles, particularly in individuals with asthma or other reactive airway diseases. Given this information, the correct answer encompasses both bradycardia and bronchospasm as common side effects associated with beta-blockers, making the combined option the most comprehensive choice. Understanding these side effects is crucial for clinicians when prescribing beta-blockers, as they need to monitor patients for these potential adverse reactions and manage them appropriately.