Cardiac Medicine Certification (CMC) Practice Exam

Which lifestyle change is recommended for managing left ventricular dysfunction?

1. Increase sodium intake

2. Pursue vigorous physical activity

3. Avoid fluid restriction

4. Limit sodium and fluid intake

The correct answer is: Limit sodium and fluid intake

Limiting sodium and fluid intake is a critical lifestyle change for managing left ventricular dysfunction. This condition often leads to fluid retention and increased workload on the heart. By reducing sodium intake, the body can better regulate fluid balance, helping to decrease blood volume and relieving some of the strain on the heart. Additionally, controlling fluid intake prevents excess fluid accumulation, which can exacerbate symptoms such as swelling and shortness of breath. This approach is essential in minimizing the risk of heart failure exacerbations and optimizing overall heart function. In contrast, options that involve increasing sodium intake, engaging in vigorous physical activity without proper assessment, or avoiding fluid restriction may worsen the condition or lead to complications. Therefore, managing these factors through dietary adjustments is a cornerstone of effective treatment strategies for individuals with left ventricular dysfunction.